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Geoffrey Taucer, sorry it took so long to reply about the back pike, I didn't see your post until today....
Performing a back pike is essential for understanding a proper set for somersaulting because it requires the participant to jump straight upright off the trampoline then pike the body at the very top of the jump. If the gymnast does not 'set' properly, common mistakes will be: overrotation of the somersault, an open pike position as opposed to a tight pike, and lots of distance travelled.
Back pikes are an extremly overlooked somersault as many think it will effect the way a gymnast learns a layout/straight somersaulting position. I believe this is the farthest from the truth. They enhance the understanding of a proper set, emphasizing the hips tight off of take off and body vertical to achieve maximum height during the jump phase of somersaulting.
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Its not whether you get knocked down, but whether you get back up
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